HistoryData
Historical ConflictCynthiana

Battle of Cynthiana

The Union victory at Cynthiana in June 1864 ended Morgan's Last Kentucky Raid and showed Confederate cavalry could no longer raid Northern territory freely.

Duration & Scope

1864 ongoing

< 1 year

Estimated Total Casualties

2K

Key Facts

Dates
June 11–12, 1864
Confederate force size
~1,200 cavalrymen
Union force (Burbridge)
2,400 mounted infantry and cavalry
Union casualties (combined)
1,092 men
Confederate casualties (est.)
~1,000 men
Buildings destroyed
37 buildings burned in Cynthiana

Strategic Narrative Overview

On June 11, Morgan attacked Cynthiana with roughly 1,200 cavalrymen, splitting into two columns to assault the town and burning 37 buildings. He also trapped a Union relief force under Brigadier General Edward Hobson at Keller's Bridge, taking about 1,300 prisoners. Morgan chose to hold his position overnight despite depleted ammunition, awaiting an expected larger Union counterattack rather than withdrawing.

01 / The Origins

The battle arose from Confederate Brigadier General John H. Morgan's 1864 Raid into Kentucky, an attempt to disrupt Union operations in the state. Morgan had previously seized Cynthiana during his 1862 raid, and this second incursion was intended to demonstrate continued Confederate capacity to threaten Union-held territory in the border state of Kentucky during the final year of the Civil War.

03 / The Outcome

At dawn on June 12, Brigadier General Stephen G. Burbridge led 2,400 Union troops against Morgan east of town, routing the Confederate force. Many rebels were captured or killed as they fled into Cynthiana; Morgan and senior officers escaped. Combined casualties exceeded 2,000. The defeat ended Morgan's Last Kentucky Raid and signaled that Confederate cavalry raiders could no longer operate in the region with impunity.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Confederate States of America (Morgan's Raiders)
Peak Mobilized Forces~1K
Estimated Casualties~1K
Casualty Rate83.3%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

John H. Morgan.

Side B

1 belligerent

United States (Union forces)
Peak Mobilized Forces~2K
Estimated Casualties~1K
Casualty Rate45.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Stephen G. Burbridge, Edward Hobson, Conrad Garis.

Total Casualties (all sides)
2,092
Outcome
Union victory; Morgan's Last Kentucky Raid defeated; approximately 1,300 Union prisoners taken on June 11 but Confederate force routed on June 12

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1864–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1864present1864Attack on Cynthi…Allied1864Battle of Keller…Allied1864Battle of Cynthi…Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Cynthiana, United StatesMap of Cynthiana, United StatesCynthiana, United States