HistoryData
Historical Conflict

Battle of Fort Cumberland

The failed Patriot siege of Fort Cumberland in 1776 secured British control of Nova Scotia, keeping the Maritime provinces loyal throughout the American Revolutionary War.

Duration & Scope

1776 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Date of siege
November 1776
Attacker force size
400–500 militia and Native volunteers
Siege relief date
November 29, 1776
Defending regiment
Royal Fencible American Regiment
Outcome for region
Nova Scotia remained loyal to Britain throughout the war

Strategic Narrative Overview

Eddy's force moved against Fort Cumberland in November 1776, mounting several attempts to storm the fortification. The garrison, the Royal Fencible American Regiment under Joseph Goreham, a French and Indian War veteran, repelled each assault. The besiegers lacked the artillery and supplies necessary to reduce the fort, and their efforts stalled before British marine reinforcements arrived to relieve the garrison.

01 / The Origins

As the American Revolutionary War spread along the eastern seaboard, Patriot sympathizers in Nova Scotia and their Massachusetts backers saw an opportunity to bring the colony into rebellion. Jonathan Eddy, a militia commander with limited logistical support from Massachusetts, gathered four to five hundred volunteer militia and Native allies with the aim of seizing Fort Cumberland and triggering a broader uprising in the British Maritime provinces in late 1776.

03 / The Outcome

On November 29, 1776, RFA troops combined with marine reinforcements drove Eddy's militia from the area, ending the siege. In reprisal, British forces and loyalist settlers destroyed homes and farms belonging to those who had supported the Patriots, and Patriot sympathizers were expelled from the region. The successful defense preserved British sovereignty over Nova Scotia, which remained loyal for the remainder of the war.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Patriot militia (Eddy's force)
Peak Mobilized Forces450
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Jonathan Eddy.

Side B

1 belligerent

Royal Fencible American Regiment / British Marines
Key Commanders

Joseph Goreham.

Outcome
British victory; siege repelled; Nova Scotia remained a loyal British colony

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1776–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1776present1776Siege of Fort Cu…Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Cumberland, CanadaMap of Cumberland, CanadaCumberland, Canada