HistoryData
Historical ConflictGaza Strip

Battle of Gaza (2007)

Hamas seized full control of the Gaza Strip in June 2007, splitting Palestinian governance into two rival administrations for the first time.

Duration & Scope

2007 ongoing

< 1 year

Estimated Total Casualties

161

Key Facts

Duration
6 days (10–15 June 2007)
Killed
At least 161
Wounded
More than 700
Outcome
Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip
Territory divided
Gaza (Hamas) vs. West Bank (PNA/Fatah)

Strategic Narrative Overview

Between 10 and 15 June 2007, Hamas fighters launched a coordinated offensive against Fatah positions across the Gaza Strip. Hamas rapidly overran Fatah-controlled security compounds, presidential facilities, and checkpoints. Fatah forces were unable to mount effective resistance, and within six days Hamas had established full military and administrative control over the territory, defeating Fatah decisively.

01 / The Origins

Tensions between Fatah and Hamas escalated sharply following Hamas's victory in the January 2006 Palestinian legislative elections. Despite the formation of a short-lived National Unity Government in 2007, rivalry over control of Palestinian security forces and political authority remained unresolved. The collapse of the unity government created a power vacuum that triggered open armed confrontation between the two factions in the Gaza Strip.

03 / The Outcome

Following Hamas's victory, Fatah officials were captured, executed, or expelled from Gaza. Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas dissolved the unity government and declared a state of emergency. The Palestinian territories were effectively split: Hamas governed Gaza while Fatah retained control of the West Bank under the Palestinian National Authority, producing a political division that persisted long afterward.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Hamas

Side B

1 belligerent

Fatah
Total Casualties (all sides)
161
Outcome
Hamas victory; full Hamas control of the Gaza Strip; Fatah expelled or captured

Location

Map of Gaza, Palestinian territoriesMap of Gaza, Palestinian territoriesGaza, Palestinian territories