HistoryData
Historical ConflictFrance

Battle of La Malmaison

France's capture of La Malmaison and the Chemin des Dames ridge in October 1917 closed the failed Nivelle Offensive campaign on a rare positive note.

Duration & Scope

1917 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Dates
23–27 October 1917
Front width
12.1 km (7.5 mi)
French corps engaged
XIV, XXI, and XI Corps (six divisions)
Tanks attached
63 Schneider CA1 and Saint-Chamond
German artillery disadvantage
Outnumbered 3-to-1 by French guns
German withdrawal
Night of 1/2 November to north bank of Ailette

Strategic Narrative Overview

The French Sixth Army conducted a six-day preliminary bombardment—extended two days by bad weather—with artillery outnumbering German guns three-to-one. Zero hour was moved forward to 5:15 a.m. after a German intercept revealed enemy readiness. XIV, XXI, and XI Corps attacked on a 12.1 km front; 63 tanks were deployed but 27 bogged down in mud. The 38th Division took Fort de Malmaison, XXI Corps seized Allemant and Vaudesson, and rapid gains on 24–25 October prompted the French to bring up I Cavalry Corps in anticipation of a German collapse.

01 / The Origins

The Battle of La Malmaison was the concluding French offensive of 1917 on the Western Front, growing out of the disastrous Nivelle Offensive earlier that year. Following widespread mutinies in the French army, General Pétain sought a limited, carefully prepared attack to restore morale and secure a tactically valuable position on the Chemin des Dames ridge. The objective was the village and fort of La Malmaison, commanding access to the ridge above the Ailette valley.

03 / The Outcome

Facing untenable positions, the German 7th Army executed the Bunzelwitz Manoeuvre, withdrawing on the night of 1/2 November from the Chemin des Dames to the north bank of the Ailette. France secured full control of the ridge, achieving its limited objectives at relatively low cost. The success helped rehabilitate French army morale after the mutinies and effectively closed offensive operations on the French front for 1917.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

France (Sixth Army, XIV, XXI, XI Corps)

Side B

1 belligerent

German Empire (7th Army)
Key Commanders

Max von Boehn.

Outcome
French victory; La Malmaison village and fort captured; Chemin des Dames ridge secured; Germans withdrew to Ailette north bank

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1917–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1917present1917Capture of Fort …Allied1917Bunzelwitz Manoe…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of La Malmaison, FranceMap of La Malmaison, FranceLa Malmaison, France