HistoryData
Historical ConflictShuntian Fu

Battle of Peking

The Eight-Nation Alliance lifted the 55-day siege of the Peking Legation Quarter, ending Boxer and Imperial Chinese resistance and accelerating the decline of the Qing dynasty.

Duration & Scope

1900 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Battle dates
14–15 August 1900
Siege duration
55 days (20 June – 14 August 1900)
Nations in Alliance
8
Legations besieged
11 foreign legations

Strategic Narrative Overview

From 20 June 1900, Boxer and Imperial Chinese forces besieged diplomats, civilians, and soldiers from eleven nations barricaded within the Peking legation district. An initial relief column was repulsed. A larger Allied force of some 20,000 troops advanced from Tianjin, fighting through multiple engagements before reaching the capital. On 14–15 August, Alliance columns breached the city walls and broke through to the besieged legations.

01 / The Origins

The Boxer Uprising arose from widespread anti-foreign and anti-Christian sentiment in Qing China, fuelled by economic hardship and resentment of foreign privileges. The Boxer movement, tacitly supported by Empress Dowager Cixi, targeted missionaries and Chinese Christians. In June 1900, Imperial Chinese Army forces joined Boxers in laying siege to the foreign legation quarter in Peking, prompting the Eight-Nation Alliance to organise a relief expedition.

03 / The Outcome

The relief of Peking on 14–15 August 1900 ended the siege and effectively crushed organised Boxer resistance in the capital. Empress Dowager Cixi fled the city. The Boxer Protocol, signed in September 1901, imposed heavy indemnities and foreign garrison rights on China, deepening Qing weakness and foreign dominance, and contributing to conditions that led to the dynasty's fall in 1912.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Boxer MovementImperial Chinese Army (Qing)

Side B

1 belligerent

Eight-Nation Alliance
Outcome
Eight-Nation Alliance victory; siege lifted; Boxer resistance in Peking crushed; Empress Dowager Cixi fled the capital

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1900–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1900present1900Siege of the Pek…Side B1900Battle of Peking…Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Beijing, ChinaMap of Beijing, ChinaBeijing, China