HistoryData
Historical ConflictDuchy of Brittany

Edward III's Breton campaign

Edward III's 1342–1343 Breton campaign secured English influence in Brittany and ended in the Truce of Malestroit, widely regarded as favouring England.

Duration & Scope

1342 1343

1 year

Key Facts

Campaign dates
October 1342 – March 1343
Truce agreed
19 January 1343 at Malestroit
Truce duration intended
3.5 years
Brest blockade broken
18 August 1342
Battle of Morlaix
English victory over larger French force, 30 September 1342

Strategic Narrative Overview

An English fleet broke Brest's blockade in August 1342, and an outnumbered English force defeated the French at Morlaix on 30 September. Edward III landed in late October after a storm-delayed crossing and advanced on Vannes. Naval forces failed to take the town by surprise; a land assault on 29 November was repelled by a reinforced garrison. English raiding parties ravaged eastern Brittany while a large French army gathered at Malestroit, about 18 miles from the English camp.

01 / The Origins

England and France had been at war since 1337 in the Hundred Years' War. When the War of the Breton Succession broke out in 1341, England backed John of Montfort's claim to the Duchy of Brittany, while French king Philip VI supported his nephew Charles of Blois. By August 1342, Charles had captured John and reduced English-allied forces to a single stronghold at Brest, prompting direct English military intervention.

03 / The Outcome

With supply lines failing and a substantial French army in position, Philip VI entered direct negotiations with Edward III. The Truce of Malestroit, agreed on 19 January 1343, was intended to halt hostilities for three and a half years and was widely considered to favour England. Edward departed Brittany for England on 1 March 1343, leaving the question of the Breton succession unresolved.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Kingdom of EnglandMontfortist Bretons (John of Montfort's faction)
Key Commanders

Edward III of England.

Side B

2 belligerents

Kingdom of FranceBlaiste Bretons (Charles of Blois's faction)
Key Commanders

Philip VI of France, Charles of Blois.

Outcome
Truce of Malestroit (19 January 1343) paused hostilities; widely seen as favouring England; Breton succession left unresolved

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1342–1343)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.134213431342Breaking of the …Allied1342Battle of MorlaixAllied1342Naval assault on…Side B1342Assault on Vanne…Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of FranceMap of FranceFrance