HistoryData
Historical ConflictNew Jersey

Forage War

The Forage War denied British forces in New Jersey critical supplies during winter 1777, inflicting casualties that exceeded those of the entire New York campaign.

Duration & Scope

1777 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Duration
January–March 1777 (approx. 3 months)
Theater
New Jersey, American Revolutionary War
Largest operations
Some engagements involved 1,000+ troops
British casualty comparison
Exceeded total British casualties in New York campaign
Nature of conflict
Partisan campaign of numerous small skirmishes

Strategic Narrative Overview

Washington ordered the systematic removal of supplies from areas accessible to British forces. Continental regulars and militia from New Jersey and Pennsylvania conducted relentless scouting and harassing operations against British and German foraging parties. While most engagements were small skirmishes, some escalated to involve more than 1,000 troops. The Americans maintained sustained pressure throughout the winter months, disrupting enemy logistics across central New Jersey.

01 / The Origins

Following the American victories at Trenton and Princeton in late December 1776 and early January 1777, both British and Continental Army forces moved into winter quarters in New Jersey. The British and their German auxiliaries depended on local forage and provisions for troops and draft animals. General George Washington recognized the opportunity to exploit this dependency by denying the enemy access to local food and fodder supplies.

03 / The Outcome

The campaign concluded by March 1777 as winter quarters ended and the military season resumed. American operations proved highly effective: British casualties sustained in New Jersey during this period, including those from Trenton and Princeton, surpassed those of the entire earlier New York campaign. The Forage War demonstrated the viability of partisan warfare in degrading a conventional occupying force's logistical capacity.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Continental Army & American Militia (New Jersey & Pennsylvania)
Key Commanders

George Washington.

Side B

1 belligerent

British Army & German Auxiliary Troops
Outcome
American strategic success; British forces denied provisions and forage, sustaining casualties exceeding those of the New York campaign

Location

Map of United StatesMap of United StatesUnited States