HistoryData
Historical ConflictNorth Foreland

Four Days' Battle

The Four Days' Battle (June 1666) was one of the longest naval battles in history and a decisive Dutch victory over England during the Second Anglo-Dutch War.

Duration & Scope

1666 ongoing

< 1 year

Estimated Total Casualties

7K

Key Facts

Duration
4 days (11–14 June 1666)
English ships lost
~20 ships
English casualties incl. prisoners
over 5,000
English killed
over 1,000
Dutch ships lost
4 ships destroyed by fire
Dutch killed or wounded
over 2,000

Strategic Narrative Overview

The battle began off the Flemish coast on 11 June 1666 and raged for four days across the southern North Sea. Dutch forces under senior admirals pressed the English fleet hard, sinking or capturing around twenty English ships and inflicting heavy casualties including two English vice-admirals killed. Despite the scale of the Dutch assault, the battered English fleet managed to withdraw and resist a follow-up Dutch attack at anchor in the Thames estuary in early July.

01 / The Origins

The Four Days' Battle took place within the broader context of the Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–1667), a conflict driven by commercial and colonial rivalry between England and the Dutch Republic. Both powers competed fiercely for dominance of Atlantic and Asian trade routes, and the war saw repeated fleet engagements as each side sought to break the other's naval power and impose a favorable peace.

03 / The Outcome

The battle ended as a clear Dutch victory, with England suffering far greater losses in ships and men. However, England rapidly refitted its damaged fleet and within weeks turned the tables, defeating the Dutch at the St. James's Day Battle on 25 July 1666. The Four Days' Battle thus failed to deliver a decisive strategic blow, and the war continued until the Treaty of Breda in 1667.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Kingdom of England (Royal Navy)
Estimated Casualties~5K
Key Commanders

Sir Christopher Myngs (killed), Sir William Berkeley (killed), George Ayscue (captured).

Side B

1 belligerent

Dutch Republic (States Navy)
Estimated Casualties~2K
Key Commanders

Cornelis Evertsen (killed), Abraham van der Hulst (killed), Frederik Stachouwer (killed).

Total Casualties (all sides)
7,000
Outcome
Decisive Dutch victory; England lost ~20 ships and over 5,000 men; Dutch losses were significantly lower

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1666–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1666present1666Four Days' BattleSide B1666St. James's Day …Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of North Foreland, EnglandMap of North Foreland, EnglandNorth Foreland, England