HistoryData
Historical ConflictSaint-Denis

Invasion of Île Bonaparte

The 1810 British amphibious assault on Isle Bonaparte removed a key French base used to raid East India Company convoys in the Indian Ocean.

Duration & Scope

1810 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Date of invasion
7 July 1810
British base of operations
Rodriguez Island
French commander
Colonel Chrysostôme de Sainte-Suzanne
Result
Island, garrison, and stores surrendered to British
Landing points
Two separate beaches flanking Saint-Denis

Strategic Narrative Overview

Using Rodriguez as a staging base, Rowley and Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Sheehy Keating organised a two-pronged amphibious landing on 7 July 1810. Sailors, soldiers, sepoys, and Royal Marines landed at beaches on either side of Saint-Denis. Despite men being drowned in heavy surf, the bulk of the force came ashore, attacked French outposts, and converged on the capital. The suicide of the previous French commander, General Des Bruslys, had already demoralised the garrison.

01 / The Origins

During the Napoleonic Wars, the French islands of Isle Bonaparte (Réunion) and Isle de France (Mauritius) served as fortified bases for Commodore Jacques Hamelin's frigate squadron, which preyed on British East Indiamen convoys. Despite Royal Navy efforts under Commodore Josias Rowley, Hamelin's ships destroyed two convoys in 1809. A retaliatory British raid on Saint Paul captured one French frigate and recaptured two British merchantmen, prompting Rowley to plan a full seizure of the island.

03 / The Outcome

Faced with a demoralised garrison incapable of mounting a credible defence and a militia too slow to mobilise, French commander Colonel Chrysostôme de Sainte-Suzanne surrendered Saint-Denis, the island's garrison, and its military stores to Rowley. The capture of Isle Bonaparte eliminated a major French raiding base and set the stage for the subsequent British conquest of Isle de France later in 1810.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United Kingdom (Royal Navy & British Army)
Key Commanders

Commodore Josias Rowley, Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Sheehy Keating.

Side B

1 belligerent

French Empire (Isle Bonaparte garrison)
Key Commanders

Colonel Chrysostôme de Sainte-Suzanne, Commodore Jacques Hamelin.

Outcome
British victory; French garrison surrenders Saint-Denis, Isle Bonaparte, and military stores to Commodore Rowley

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1810–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1810present1809Raid on Saint PaulAllied1810Amphibious landi…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Saint-Denis, RéunionMap of Saint-Denis, RéunionSaint-Denis, Réunion