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Historical ConflictAligarh

Siege of Aligarh

The capture of Aligarh Fort in September 1803 gave the British East India Company control of a key Maratha stronghold in northern India.

Duration & Scope

1803 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Siege start date
1 September 1803
Siege end date
4 September 1803
Duration
3 days
British unit
76th Regiment (now Yorkshire Regiment)
Maratha defences
14 ditches with sword-blades and poisoned chevaux-de-frise

Strategic Narrative Overview

On 1 September 1803, General Lord Gerard Lake led the British 76th Regiment in a siege of Aligarh Fort. The Maratha defenders had fortified the approaches with fourteen ditches lined with sword-blades and poisoned chevaux-de-frise, making any assault exceptionally hazardous. Despite these elaborate obstacles, British forces pressed the attack continuously over three days, breaching the defences through sustained military pressure.

01 / The Origins

The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805) arose from British ambitions to extend dominance across the Indian subcontinent and the Maratha Confederacy's resistance to that expansion. Aligarh Fort, one of the strongest fortifications in India, was a critical Maratha stronghold in northern India, garrisoned under French mercenary officer Pierre Perron, whose European-trained troops gave the Marathas a formidable defensive capability.

03 / The Outcome

Aligarh Fort fell to British forces on 4 September 1803, just three days after the siege began. The Duke of Wellington later declared the capture one of the most extraordinary feats of the British conquest of northern India. The fall of this stronghold significantly weakened Maratha power in the region and accelerated British territorial consolidation across northern India during the wider Second Anglo-Maratha War.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

British East India Company
Key Commanders

General Lord Gerard Lake.

Side B

1 belligerent

Maratha Confederacy
Key Commanders

Pierre Perron.

Outcome
British East India Company victory; Aligarh Fort captured from the Maratha Confederacy on 4 September 1803

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1803–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1803present1803Siege of AligarhAllied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Aligarh, IndiaMap of Aligarh, IndiaAligarh, India