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Historical ConflictBergen op Zoom

Siege of Bergen op Zoom

The British assault on Bergen op Zoom in 1814 failed when a French counterattack forced much of the attacking force to surrender, marking a rare French defensive success late in the War of the Sixth Coalition.

Duration & Scope

1814 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Date
8 March 1814
Conflict
War of the Sixth Coalition
Location
~70 km south of Rotterdam, ~40 km north of Antwerp
Result
French defensive victory; British assault force largely captured

Strategic Narrative Overview

On 8 March 1814, a British force under Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch, launched a night assault on Bergen op Zoom's defences. The attackers initially succeeded in seizing part of the fortifications, establishing a foothold within the garrison town. However, the French commanders Guilin Laurent Bizanet and Jean-Jacques Ambert organised a swift and effective counterattack that overwhelmed the British penetration and compelled a large portion of the assault force to surrender.

01 / The Origins

By early 1814, the War of the Sixth Coalition had pushed Napoleon's forces back across Europe. The Allied powers sought to seize French-held ports and fortresses in the Low Countries to secure the region. Bergen op Zoom, a strategically positioned port in the Netherlands between Rotterdam and Antwerp, was held by a French garrison and represented a key objective for British forces operating in the region.

03 / The Outcome

The failed assault resulted in the capture of much of the British attacking force by the French garrison, representing a significant tactical setback for British operations in the Low Countries. The French retained control of Bergen op Zoom, one of the few successful French defensive actions in this late stage of the war, though the broader strategic tide of the Sixth Coalition continued to turn against Napoleon across Europe.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United Kingdom
Key Commanders

Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch.

Side B

1 belligerent

French Empire
Key Commanders

Guilin Laurent Bizanet, Jean-Jacques Ambert.

Outcome
French victory; British assault repulsed and much of the attacking force compelled to surrender

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1814–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1814present1814Siege of Bergen …Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Bergen op Zoom, NetherlandsMap of Bergen op Zoom, NetherlandsBergen op Zoom, Netherlands