HistoryData
Historical ConflictLilibaeum

Siege of Lilybaeum

The nine-year siege of Lilybaeum was the decisive western Sicilian campaign of the First Punic War, ultimately forcing Carthage to concede Sicily to Rome.

Duration & Scope

-249 -240

9 years

Key Facts

Duration
9 years (250–241 BC)
Roman besieging force
More than 100,000 men
Deciding engagement
Battle of the Aegates, 241 BC
War total duration
23 years (264–241 BC)
Treaty ending conflict
Treaty of Lutatius, 241 BC

Strategic Narrative Overview

Rome besieged Lilybaeum in mid-250 BC with over 100,000 troops, but a direct assault failed and the siege stagnated. Roman attempts to neutralize the Carthaginian fleet ended in the naval defeats at Drepana and Phintias, allowing Carthage to resupply the city freely. Only in 242 BC did Rome construct a new fleet capable of blockading Lilybaeum and intercepting Carthaginian supply convoys.

01 / The Origins

Rome and Carthage went to war in 264 BC, fighting primarily over Sicily. Over decades of campaigning, Rome steadily pushed Carthaginian forces westward across the island. By 250 BC, Carthage retained only the heavily fortified coastal cities of Lilybaeum and Drepana on Sicily's western tip, both accessible by sea and beyond easy reach of Rome's dominant land forces.

03 / The Outcome

At the Battle of the Aegates in 241 BC, Rome destroyed the Carthaginian relief fleet. Carthage, unable to sustain its Sicilian garrisons, sued for peace. Under the Treaty of Lutatius, Carthage withdrew all forces from Sicily, including Lilybaeum, ending 23 years of war with a Roman victory and establishing Rome as the dominant power in the western Mediterranean.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Roman Republic
Peak Mobilized Forces~100K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized

Side B

1 belligerent

Carthage
Outcome
Roman naval victory at the Aegates forced Carthage to sue for peace; Carthage evacuated Lilybaeum and all of Sicily

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (-249–-240)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.-249-240250Assault on Lilyb…Side B249Battle of DrepanaSide B249Battle of PhintiasSide B241Battle of the Ae…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Marsala, ItalyMap of Marsala, ItalyMarsala, Italy