HistoryData
Historical ConflictTogoland

Togoland campaign

The Togoland campaign was the first Allied offensive action in Africa during World War I, ending German colonial control in under three weeks.

Duration & Scope

1914 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Duration
6–26 August 1914 (20 days)
Key German asset
Kamina Funkstation wireless transmitter
Partition year
1916
League of Nations mandates
British and French Togoland, July 1922
Attacking colonies
Gold Coast (British) and Dahomey (French)

Strategic Narrative Overview

German colonial forces abandoned the capital Lomé and the coastal province, withdrawing northward toward Kamina while fighting delaying actions. Allied columns advanced along the road and railway from the coast, while smaller forces converged from the north. German defenders slowed the Allied advance at the Affair of Agbeluvoe and the Affair of Khra, but were unable to hold the colony against the combined pressure of the converging forces.

01 / The Origins

At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, Britain and France moved quickly against Germany's colonial territories in Africa. Togoland, a narrow German colony on the West African coast, housed the Kamina Funkstation, a powerful wireless transmitter linking Berlin to the Atlantic and South America. Eliminating this communications hub became the primary strategic objective for Allied forces advancing from neighbouring British Gold Coast and French Dahomey.

03 / The Outcome

German forces surrendered the colony on 26 August 1914, just twenty days after the campaign began. The Kamina Funkstation was destroyed before capture. In 1916 the victors partitioned Togoland between themselves, and by July 1922 British Togoland and French Togoland were formally established as League of Nations mandates, ending German colonial presence in the territory.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

British Empire (Gold Coast)French West Africa (Dahomey)

Side B

1 belligerent

German Togoland colonial forces
Outcome
Allied victory; German Togoland surrendered 26 August 1914; Kamina wireless station destroyed

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1914–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1914present1914Affair of Agbelu…Side B1914Affair of KhraSide B1914Surrender at Kam…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of TogolandMap of TogolandTogoland