HistoryData
Historical ConflictMaine-et-Loire

Virée de Galerne

The Virée de Galerne ended the First War in the Vendée when Republican forces destroyed the Vendean army at Savenay in December 1793.

Duration & Scope

1793 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Start event
Vendean retreat after Battle of Cholet, 17 Oct 1793
End event
Battle of Savenay, 23 December 1793
Duration
~2 months (October–December 1793)
Failed objective
Capture of Granville to receive English reinforcements
Decisive Republican commander
General Kléber

Strategic Narrative Overview

The Vendean army marched through Brittany and Normandy in a desperate bid to take the port of Granville on 14 November 1793, but the assault failed. Unable to secure English reinforcements, the army fell back, losing cohesion and strength as Republican forces pursued them. The march, named for its northwestern direction — galerne meaning northwest wind in Breton — steadily wore down the royalist forces.

01 / The Origins

Following their defeat at the Battle of Cholet on 17 October 1793, the Vendean royalist army was forced to cross the Loire River northward. Seeking to sustain their uprising against the French Republic, the Vendeans hoped to reach Granville on the Normandy coast, where they anticipated receiving reinforcements and support from England and émigré forces loyal to the Bourbon monarchy.

03 / The Outcome

Republican troops under General Kléber cornered the remnants of the Vendean army at Savenay on 23 December 1793 and destroyed it. This battle marked the definitive end of the First War in the Vendée, effectively breaking organized large-scale Vendean military resistance, though smaller guerrilla conflicts persisted in the region in subsequent years.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Vendean Royalist Army

Side B

1 belligerent

French Republic (Republican Army)
Key Commanders

Jean-Baptiste Kléber.

Outcome
Republican victory; Vendean army destroyed at Savenay; end of the First War in the Vendée

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1793–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1793present1793Battle of CholetSide B1793Assault on Granv…Side B1793Battle of SavenaySide B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of FranceMap of FranceFrance