National Debt (% of GDP): Romania

Analysis# Romania National Debt (% of GDP) Romania's national debt reached 62.5% of GDP in 2026, matching its all-time peak for the data period. This represents a dramatic reversal from 2007, when debt stood at just 12.4% of GDP—the lowest point recorded. Over the past 26 years, Romania's debt burden has surged 111.1%, reflecting substantial fiscal pressures accumulated since the 2000s. The sharpest deterioration occurred after 2019, when debt was 36.5% of GDP. The pandemic triggered a sharp climb to 49.3% in 2020, followed by sustained increases through 2026. Annual increments accelerated notably from 2023 onward, with debt jumping from 52.1% to 57.4% between 2023 and 2024 alone. Current projections indicate Romania faces mounting fiscal challenges, with debt-to-GDP ratios now at historic highs within this dataset.