HistoryData
politics1808

1808 United States presidential election — 6th quadrennial U.S. presidential election

January 1, 1808

James Madison's 1808 victory secured Democratic-Republican dominance and continued Jeffersonian policy despite widespread opposition to the Embargo Act.

Quick Facts

Year
1808
Category
politics

Key Facts

Election dates
November 4 – December 7, 1808
Winner
James Madison (Democratic-Republican)
Runner-up
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Federalist)
VP re-elected
George Clinton (incumbent vice president)
Protest electoral votes
6 electoral votes cast for Clinton for president

Location

United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

President Thomas Jefferson declined to seek a third term, backing his Secretary of State James Madison as successor. The Federalists renominated Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, their 1804 candidate. Madison faced internal challenges from Vice President George Clinton and former Ambassador James Monroe before securing his party's nomination.

Event

Presidential elections were held across the United States from November 4 to December 7, 1808. Madison defeated Pinckney decisively, carrying the majority of electoral votes outside New England, despite public discontent over the unpopular Embargo Act of 1807. Clinton and King ran as the respective vice-presidential nominees.

Consequence

Madison won the presidency while George Clinton was simultaneously re-elected as vice president, marking one of only two instances in American history where a new president was chosen but the sitting vice president retained office. Federalist strength remained confined to New England, underscoring the Democratic-Republicans' broad national dominance.

Political Outcome

Outcome

James Madison (Democratic-Republican) won the presidency; George Clinton re-elected as vice president; Federalists retained strength only in New England.

Before

Thomas Jefferson (President), George Clinton (Vice President)

After

James Madison (President), George Clinton (Vice President)

Signatories

James Madison
President-elect, Democratic-Republican candidate
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
Federalist presidential candidate
George Clinton
Incumbent Vice President, re-elected
Rufus King
Federalist vice-presidential candidate
Thomas Jefferson
Outgoing President, Madison supporter
James Monroe
Democratic-Republican challenger for nomination

Timeline Context

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