HistoryData
disaster1940

November 1940 earthquake in Romania

November 10, 1940

The strongest earthquake recorded in 20th-century Romania, felt across over 2,000,000 km² from Leningrad to Greece.

Quick Facts

Year
1940
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Magnitude
7.7 Mw
Epicenter depth
133 km
Maximum intensity area
80,000 km²
Macroseismic effects area
2,000,000+ km²
Farthest effects (north)
Leningrad, ~1,300 km away
Time of occurrence
03:39 local time, Sunday

By the Numbers

7.7Mw
Magnitude
133km
Epicenter depth
80,000km²
Maximum intensity area
2,000,000km²
Macroseismic effects area

Location

Map of Vrancea, RomaniaMap of Vrancea, RomaniaVrancea, Romania

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The earthquake originated in the Vrancea seismic zone, a tectonically active area in the Eastern Carpathians of Romania where subduction-related stresses generate deep intermediate-focus earthquakes. The focus lay at approximately 133 km depth, characteristic of the Vrancea zone's seismogenic slab.

Event

On 10 November 1940 at 03:39 local time, a magnitude 7.7 earthquake struck Romania with its epicenter in the Vrancea zone. Occurring while most of the population was asleep at home, the quake produced maximum intensities across an 80,000 km² area and was the strongest earthquake recorded in Romania during the 20th century.

Consequence

Seismic effects were felt across an enormous region exceeding 2,000,000 km², reaching as far north as Leningrad, east to the Kharkov–Moscow line, south to Greece, and west to Belgrade, Budapest, and Warsaw. The widespread shaking caused significant damage and casualties across Romania and neighboring regions.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19401940193719381939194119421943The Holocaust in Poland — genocide of Jews in Nazi-occupied Poland during World War IISecond and final stage of the 1947–1949 Palestine war1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine — civil war between the Jewish and Arab communities of Palestine which is the first phase of the 1948 Palestine WarKatyn massacre — Soviet mass murder of ca. 22,000 Poles in several parts of European Russia, including in the Katyn forest, which became a pars pro toto name for the whole massacreOperation Weserübung — 1940 code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War1940s — decade of the Gregorian calendar (1940–1949)Battle of Britain — air battle waged between German and British air forces in 1940First war of the Arab–Israeli conflict1940-vrancea-earthquake-1940