HistoryData
war1983

1983 Beirut barracks bombing — Suicide bombing attack

October 23, 1983

The deadliest single-day loss for the U.S. Marine Corps since Iwo Jima, the attack drove the multinational peacekeeping force out of Lebanon.

Quick Facts

Year
1983
Category
war

Key Facts

Total killed
307 people
U.S. military personnel killed
241 personnel
French military personnel killed
58 personnel
Explosive yield (est.)
12,000 lbs TNT equivalent lbs
Americans wounded
128 personnel
Date of attack
October 23, 1983

By the Numbers

307people
Total killed
241personnel
U.S. military personnel killed
58personnel
French military personnel killed
12,000lbs
Explosive yield (est.)

Location

Map of Beirut, LebanonMap of Beirut, LebanonBeirut, Lebanon

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Multinational Force in Lebanon was deployed as a peacekeeping operation during the Lebanese Civil War, following the PLO's withdrawal after Israel's 1982 invasion. Islamic Jihad, with alleged ties to Hezbollah and Iran, sought to expel Western forces from the country and targeted the American and French contingents of the MNF.

Event

On October 23, 1983, two suicide bombers drove truck bombs into buildings housing U.S. and French service members in Beirut. The first blast destroyed the Marine barracks at BLT 1/8, killing 241 Americans; minutes later a second bomb struck the French Drakkar building, killing 58 French paratroopers. Combined, 307 people were killed in the coordinated attack.

Consequence

The bombings precipitated the withdrawal of all Multinational Force contingents from Lebanon, effectively ending the Western peacekeeping mission. The attack remained the deadliest single-day loss for the U.S. Marine Corps since World War II and reshaped U.S. policy on military deployments in conflict zones for years afterward.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

United States Marine Corps / U.S. Armed Forces (MNF)French Armed Forces (MNF)
Estimated Casualties299

Side B

1 belligerent

Islamic Jihad (alleged Hezbollah/Iran)
Estimated Casualties2
Total Casualties (all sides)
307
Outcome
Multinational Force withdrew from Lebanon; Western peacekeeping mission ended

Timeline Context

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