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war1642

Battle of the Thirty Years' War in 1642

October 23, 1642

A Swedish victory over Imperial forces that secured Leipzig as a base but failed to knock Saxony out of the war.

Quick Facts

Year
1642
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
2 November 1642
Theater
Thirty Years' War
Swedish commander
Lennart Torstensson
Imperial commanders
Leopold Wilhelm & Ottavio Piccolomini
Strategic gain
Swedish occupation of Leipzig

Location

Map of Breitenfeld, GermanyMap of Breitenfeld, GermanyBreitenfeld, Germany

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Thirty Years' War, Swedish forces under Lennart Torstensson sought to press their military campaign into the Electorate of Saxony, confronting the Imperial Army near Breitenfeld northeast of Leipzig to extend Swedish influence and pressure regional powers.

Event

On 2 November 1642, a Swedish army commanded by Lennart Torstensson engaged and defeated an Imperial army led by Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria and his deputy Ottavio Piccolomini at Breitenfeld, north-east of Leipzig, in a decisive field engagement.

Consequence

Victory enabled the Swedes to occupy Leipzig, the second most important town in the Electorate of Saxony, establishing a secure base. However, the weakened but intact Imperial Army kept the Swedes from fully exploiting the win and prevented Elector John George I of Saxony from concluding a separate peace with Sweden.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Sweden
Key Commanders

Lennart Torstensson.

Side B

1 belligerent

Holy Roman Empire
Key Commanders

Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria, Ottavio Piccolomini.

Outcome
Swedish victory; Sweden occupies Leipzig

Timeline Context

Timeline around 16421642163916401641164316441645First English Civil War, 1642Local revolt in 17th-century England1642 English Protestants surrendered to Confederate Catholics1642 Danish hijacking of a Bengali ship1642 battle of the Franco-Spanish War of 1635–16591642 Skirmish during the Eleven Years' War1642 first major action of the English Civil War1642 skirmish in Somerset prior to the English Civil Warbattle-of-breitenfeld-1642