HistoryData
politics1990

1990 German federal election — 1990 elections to choose the members of Germany parliament

December 2, 1990

The first all-German federal election since the early 1930s, held after reunification, secured a third term for Helmut Kohl's coalition.

Quick Facts

Year
1990
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date
2 December 1990
Bundestag number elected
12th Bundestag
CDU/CSU second-vote total
20,358,096 votes (record high)
First all-German election since
Early 1930s
First FDP constituency seat since
1957 (Uwe Lühr, Halle)
Coalition reelected
CDU/CSU and FDP (third term)

By the Numbers

2
Date
12
Bundestag number elected
20,358,096
CDU/CSU second-vote total
1,930
First all-German election since

Location

Map of GermanyMap of GermanyGermany

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The accession of the former East German states to the Federal Republic on 3 October 1990, following the fall of the Berlin Wall and German reunification, necessitated the first all-German federal election. The Bundestag had been temporarily expanded with East German Volkskammer delegates pending a proper democratic mandate from the full German electorate.

Event

On 2 December 1990, voters across unified Germany elected members of the 12th Bundestag. Chancellor Helmut Kohl's governing coalition of CDU/CSU and FDP won a decisive victory. The election also saw the FDP win its first constituency seat since 1957, and PDS leader Gregor Gysi win a direct mandate in Berlin.

Consequence

Kohl's coalition was returned for a third consecutive term, and subsequently a fourth in 1994. The CDU/CSU's second-vote total of over 20 million remains the highest ever recorded in a democratic German election. The result ended the two-party Volksparteien dominance of constituency seats, with FDP and PDS each claiming direct mandates.

Political Outcome

Outcome

CDU/CSU and FDP coalition under Chancellor Helmut Kohl won a comprehensive victory and were reelected for a third term.

Before

West German CDU/CSU–FDP coalition government (pre-reunification)

After

CDU/CSU–FDP coalition confirmed as government of unified Germany

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199019901987198819891991199219931990–91 European Cup Winners' Cup — 1990–1991 edition of the European Cup Winners' Cup1990 FIBA World Championship — 1990 edition of the FIBA World Championship1990 FIFA World Cup — 14th FIFA World Cup, held in ItalyEurovision Song Contest 1990 — 35th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1990 Formula One World Championship — sports season1990s — decade of the Gregorian calendar (1990–1999)1990 Asian Games — 11th edition of the Asian Games1990 African Cup of Nations — football tournament1990-german-federal-election-1990-elections-to-choose-the-1990