HistoryData
war1978

Air India Flight 855 — 1978 plane crash of an Air India Boeing 747 near Bombay, India

January 1, 1978

The crash killed all 213 aboard and remained Air India's deadliest disaster until the 1985 Flight 182 bombing.

Quick Facts

Year
1978
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
1 January 1978
Lives lost
213 people
Time after take-off
101 seconds
Distance from shore
3 km
Aircraft type
Boeing 747
Route
Bombay to Dubai

By the Numbers

1
Date
213people
Lives lost
101seconds
Time after take-off
3km
Distance from shore

Location

Map of Bombay, IndiaMap of Bombay, IndiaBombay, India

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The captain's attitude director indicator (ADI), one of the most critical flight instruments, failed shortly after take-off. This led to the captain becoming spatially disoriented, compounded by a lack of crew coordination to identify and correct the instrument failure in time.

Event

On 1 January 1978, Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 departing Bombay for Dubai, crashed into the Arabian Sea approximately 3 km off the coast of Bandra just 101 seconds after take-off. All 213 passengers and crew on board were killed.

Consequence

The disaster was the deadliest airliner accident in Indian history until the 1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision, and remained Air India's worst until the 1985 bombing of Flight 182. It highlighted the critical importance of ADI redundancy and effective crew resource management in aviation safety.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 197819781975197619771979198019811978 Asian Games — eighth edition of the Asian Games1978 World Women's Handball Championship — 1978 edition of the World Women's Handball ChampionshipEurovision Song Contest 1978 — 23rd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1978–79 UEFA Cup — 8th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA1978–79 European Cup — 24th season of the UEFA club football tournament1978 Formula One season — sports season1978 African Cup of Nations — football tournamentNicaraguan Revolution — 20th century armed conflict in Nicaraguaair-india-flight-855-1978-plane-crash-of-an-air-india-boei-1978