HistoryData
politics1981

Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan — 1981 shooting of US President Ronald Reagan and murder of then White House Press Secretary James Brady

March 30, 1981

The 1981 shooting of President Reagan prompted national debate on gun control and tested constitutional provisions for presidential succession.

Quick Facts

Year
1981
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date of shooting
March 30, 1981
Shooter
John Hinckley Jr.
Location
Outside Washington Hilton Hotel, Washington, D.C.
Reagan released from hospital
April 11, 1981
Hinckley verdict
Not guilty by reason of insanity, June 21, 1982
James Brady died
2014, from injuries sustained in shooting

By the Numbers

301,981
Date of shooting
111,981
Reagan released from hospital
211,982
Hinckley verdict
2,014
James Brady died

Location

Map of Washington, D.C., United StatesMap of Washington, D.C., United StatesWashington, D.C., United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

John Hinckley Jr., motivated by an erotomanic obsession with actress Jodie Foster after watching the 1976 film Taxi Driver, planned the attack believing it would impress her. He targeted President Reagan as Reagan departed a speaking engagement at the Washington Hilton hotel on March 30, 1981.

Event

Hinckley fired a revolver at Reagan outside the Washington Hilton. A bullet ricocheted off the presidential limousine and struck Reagan in the left underarm, breaking a rib and puncturing a lung. Press Secretary James Brady, Secret Service agent Tim McCarthy, and D.C. police officer Thomas Delahanty were also wounded. Reagan underwent emergency surgery at George Washington University Hospital.

Consequence

Reagan recovered and was released on April 11, 1981, but James Brady suffered permanent brain damage and died in 2014 from his injuries. Hinckley was acquitted by reason of insanity in 1982 and held in psychiatric care until 2016. The shooting accelerated gun control advocacy, and Brady's disability later inspired the 1993 Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Reagan survived after emergency surgery; Hinckley was found not guilty by reason of insanity in 1982; James Brady died in 2014 from his wounds; no formal invocation of the Twenty-fifth Amendment occurred.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 198119811978197919801982198319841981 Summer Universiade — multi-sport event in Bucharest, Romania1981 FIFA World Youth Championship — International football competition1981 FIFA Intercontinental Cup — 1981 edition of the Intercontinental Cup, association football match between Liverpool FC and CR Flamengo in Tokyo, JapanWorld Chess Championship 1981 — chess competition1981 Formula One World Championship — sports seasonEuroBasket 1981 — basketball championship1981 CONCACAF Championship — 1981 edition of the CONCACAF Championship association football competitionEurovision Song Contest 1981 — 26th edition of the Eurovision Song Contestattempted-assassination-of-ronald-reagan-1981-shooting-of-1981