HistoryData
war1810

1810 battle of the early Mexican War of Independence

October 30, 1810

The Battle of Monte de las Cruces marked the farthest insurgent advance toward Mexico City during the opening campaign of the Mexican War of Independence.

Quick Facts

Year
1810
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
October 30, 1810
Location
Sierra de las Cruces, between Toluca and Mexico City
Outcome
Insurgent tactical victory; Hidalgo retreated toward Guadalajara
Royalist commander
Lt Colonel Torcuato Trujillo
Battlefield today
Miguel Hidalgo (La Marquesa) National Park

Location

Map of MexicoMap of MexicoMexico

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In September 1810, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla launched the Mexican War of Independence, gathering a large insurgent force that swept through central New Spain. The royalist authorities dispatched Lt Colonel Torcuato Trujillo to intercept the rebel army before it could reach and threaten Mexico City.

Event

On October 30, 1810, insurgent forces under Hidalgo and Ignacio Allende clashed with Trujillo's royalist troops in the Sierra de las Cruces mountains. The rebels won the engagement but sustained heavy casualties, demonstrating both the fighting capacity and the limitations of the poorly equipped insurgent army.

Consequence

Despite the victory, Hidalgo chose not to press on to Mexico City, instead ordering a withdrawal toward Guadalajara. This decision halted the first rebel campaign's momentum and gave royalist forces time to reorganize, prolonging the broader independence struggle that continued for over a decade.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Mexican insurgents
Key Commanders

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Ignacio Allende.

Side B

1 belligerent

New Spain royalist forces
Key Commanders

Torcuato Trujillo.

Outcome
Insurgent victory; Hidalgo retreated toward Guadalajara rather than advancing on Mexico City

Timeline Context

Timeline around 181018101807180818091811181218131810s — decade of the Gregorian calendarRiot in Old Town of Edinburgh, Scotland1805-1810 war between France and SwedenMay Revolution — 1810 revolution in Buenos Aires1810 minor naval engagement during the Napoleonic Wars1810 combat during the Peninsular WarNaval battle between the United Kingdom and Denmark–Norway near the Norwegian island of Silda in Sogn og Fjordane county, during the Gunboat War1810 combat during the Peninsular Warbatalla-del-monte-de-las-cruces-1810