HistoryData
war960

8 November 960 engagement fought in an unidentified mountain pass on the Taurus Mountains

November 13, 0960

The Byzantine ambush at Andrassos annihilated the Hamdanid army, effectively ending Sayf al-Dawla's ability to threaten Byzantine Asia Minor.

Quick Facts

Year
960
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
8 November 960
Location
Unidentified pass, Taurus Mountains
Byzantine commander
Leo Phokas the Younger
Hamdanid commander
Sayf al-Dawla, Emir of Aleppo
Hamdanid emirate founded
945
Outcome for Hamdanids
Army annihilated; emir barely escaped

Location

Map of TurkeyMap of TurkeyTurkey

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In mid-960, Sayf al-Dawla exploited the deployment of the main Byzantine army to a campaign against the Emirate of Crete to launch a deep raid into Cappadocia. This opportunistic invasion was the latest episode in a long cycle of mutual raiding along the Byzantine-Hamdanid frontier that had persisted since the emirate's founding in 945.

Event

On 8 November 960, as Sayf al-Dawla's force returned from its Cappadocian raid through an unidentified Taurus mountain pass, Byzantine general Leo Phokas the Younger sprung an ambush. The Hamdanid army was annihilated in the engagement; Sayf al-Dawla himself managed to escape only narrowly.

Consequence

The defeat shattered the military strength of the Hamdanid emirate. Weakened and increasingly ill, Sayf al-Dawla could no longer mount significant incursions into Byzantine territory. The Byzantines, led by Leo's brother Nikephoros Phokas, then launched a sustained offensive that by 969 had conquered Cilicia and northern Syria including Antioch and reduced Aleppo to a vassal state.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Byzantine Empire
Key Commanders

Leo Phokas the Younger.

Side B

1 belligerent

Hamdanid Emirate of Aleppo
Key Commanders

Sayf al-Dawla.

Outcome
Decisive Byzantine victory; Hamdanid army annihilated, Sayf al-Dawla escaped

Timeline Context

Timeline around 960960957958959961962963battle-of-andrassos-960