HistoryData
war1941

1941 battle over control of the city during World War II

July 12, 1941

The Battle of Beirut ended the Syria–Lebanon campaign of World War II, establishing Allied control over Lebanon and securing an important Mediterranean naval base.

Quick Facts

Year
1941
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of ceasefire
12 July 1941, one minute past midnight
Armistice signed
14 July 1941 at Sidney Smith Barracks, Acre
Vichy commander
General Henri Dentz
Key Allied unit entering Beirut
Australian 7th Division
Armistice authority
Syria placed under General Charles de Gaulle

By the Numbers

12
Date of ceasefire
14
Armistice signed
7
Key Allied unit entering Beirut

Location

Map of Beirut, LebanonMap of Beirut, LebanonBeirut, Lebanon

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Allied forces advanced on multiple fronts during the Syria–Lebanon campaign: capturing Damascus in late June 1941, pushing through Damour, and rapidly advancing from Iraq to seize Deir ez Zor and press toward Aleppo, making the Vichy French position untenable. General Henri Dentz sought an armistice on 8 July even before Damour fell.

Event

At one minute past midnight on 12 July 1941, a ceasefire came into effect, effectively ending the Syria–Lebanon campaign. The Australian 7th Division made a triumphant entry into Beirut, completing the Allied occupation of Lebanon. A formal armistice was signed on 14 July at the Sidney Smith Barracks on the outskirts of Acre.

Consequence

The armistice placed Syria under the authority of Free French leader Charles de Gaulle. Beirut subsequently became a significant Allied base supporting Mediterranean naval operations, consolidating Allied strategic dominance in the Levant for the remainder of World War II.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Allied Forces (Australia, Britain, India, Free France)
Key Commanders

Charles de Gaulle.

Side B

1 belligerent

Vichy France
Key Commanders

General Henri Dentz.

Outcome
Allied victory; Vichy French forces surrendered Lebanon and Syria; armistice signed 14 July 1941 at Acre

Timeline Context

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