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war1870

1870 battle, part of the defence of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War

October 21, 1870

A failed French sortie during the siege of Paris that confirmed Prussian control of the western approaches to the capital.

Quick Facts

Year
1870
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
21 October 1870
French losses
More than 400 men
German casualties
Unknown
French commander
General Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot
Prussian forces engaged
V Corps, IV Corps, Guard Corps detachments
Outcome
German victory; encirclement of Paris maintained

Location

Map of Rueil-Malmaison, FranceMap of Rueil-Malmaison, FranceRueil-Malmaison, France

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the collapse of French field armies and the encirclement of Paris in the Franco-Prussian War, Governor Louis-Jules Trochu sought to probe Prussian defensive positions west of the capital. He authorised a limited sortie to test enemy strength around Rueil and the Château of Malmaison, areas held by elements of the Prussian V Corps, IV Corps, and Guard Corps detachments.

Event

General Ducrot advanced multiple French columns with a strong reserve, preceded by an extended artillery bombardment. French infantry pushed through the park at Malmaison, crossed the ravine of Saint-Cucufa, and reached the slopes of La Jonchère and the outskirts of Buzenval. However, Prussian fire from fortified houses and woodland positions halted further progress, and afternoon counterattacks forced Ducrot to order a withdrawal.

Consequence

The sortie failed to disrupt the Prussian encirclement of Paris and ended as a clear German victory. French casualties exceeded four hundred men while German losses remained unrecorded. The result demonstrated that the western defensive perimeter was firmly held, leaving Paris no closer to relief.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

France (14th Army Corps)
Estimated Casualties400
Key Commanders

General Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot, Governor Louis-Jules Trochu.

Side B

1 belligerent

Prussia (V Corps, IV Corps, Guard Corps detachments)
Outcome
German victory; French sortie repulsed and Prussian encirclement of Paris maintained

Timeline Context

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