HistoryData
war1861

1861 United States historic place

December 13, 1861

This indecisive Civil War skirmish helped keep Highland County, Virginia in Confederate hands, influencing the boundary of the future state of West Virginia.

Quick Facts

Year
1861
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
December 13, 1861
Location
Pocahontas County, Virginia (now West Virginia)
Scale
Small brigade-level engagement
Outcome
Confederate tactical victory; Union withdrawal
Campaign
Operations in Western Virginia Campaign
Distance from Highland County border
~3 miles

Location

Pocahontas County, United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the American Civil War's Operations in Western Virginia Campaign, Union and Confederate forces competed for control of the mountainous region near the Virginia–Highland County border. The strategic position of Camp Allegheny, held by Confederate troops, made it a target for Union forces seeking to extend their influence in western Virginia.

Event

On December 13, 1861, Union forces attacked the Confederate position at Camp Allegheny in Pocahontas County, Virginia. The small brigade-level battle ended when Union troops withdrew, giving Confederate forces a technical victory, though the engagement was deemed militarily indecisive by both sides.

Consequence

Although tactically inconclusive, the battle secured Highland County, Virginia under Confederate control. This kept the county out of the political process that formed the new state of West Virginia, directly shaping the eventual boundary between Virginia and West Virginia when West Virginia achieved statehood.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States (Union)

Side B

1 belligerent

Confederate States of America
Outcome
Confederate tactical victory; Union forces withdrew; engagement deemed militarily indecisive

Timeline Context

Timeline around 18611861185818591860186218631864Reform War — 1858–1861 internal conflict in MexicoPart of the American Civil War in New Mexico Territory (1861)Bombardment of Fort Sumter, immediate cause and first battle of the American Civil War1861 battle of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil WarEmancipation reform of 1861 — reform passed by Tsar Alexander II of Russia which effectively abolished serfdom throughout the Russian EmpireBattle between Sioux and Crow1861 treaty between the United States and representatives of the Cheyenne and Arapaho1861 civil riot against Union troops during the American Civil Warbattle-of-camp-allegheny-1861