HistoryData
war1914

1914 conflict between Anglo-French and German colonial forces

August 22, 1914

A minor Anglo-French victory in Togoland in 1914 that led to the first German colonial surrender of World War I.

Quick Facts

Year
1914
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
22 August 1914
Campaign
Togoland Campaign, First World War
German defensive assets
3 concealed machine-guns, mines, blown bridges
German surrender date
26 August 1914, at Kamina
Post-war partition
Western Togoland joined Ghana 1957; Togo independent 1960

By the Numbers

22
Date
3
German defensive assets
26
German surrender date
1,957
Post-war partition

Location

Khra, Togoland

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

At the outbreak of World War I, British and French colonial forces launched an invasion of German Togoland. The German Polizeitruppen withdrew to a defensive position at the village of Khra, mining approach routes, destroying bridges, and positioning three concealed machine-guns to halt the Allied advance across the Khra River.

Event

On 22 August 1914, Anglo-French forces attacked the German defensive position at Khra. The assault was repulsed by German fire. A German counter-attack was subsequently ordered but failed to materialize when many troops refused to advance. Overnight, the Germans withdrew to Kamina, fearing encirclement and overestimating Allied strength.

Consequence

After a two-day pause, the Allied advance resumed toward Kamina. On 25 August, two German envoys met the Allied force at Glei to propose terms; the British commander demanded unconditional surrender, which the Germans accepted on 26 August. Togoland was jointly administered by Britain and France for the war's duration, and was later partitioned into what became part of Ghana and the independent republic of Togo.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

United Kingdom (British colonial forces)France (French colonial forces)

Side B

1 belligerent

Germany (Polizeitruppen, German Togoland)
Outcome
Anglo-French victory; German forces repulsed initial attack but withdrew to Kamina and surrendered unconditionally on 26 August 1914.

Timeline Context

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