HistoryData
war1559

1559 battle between the Ethiopian Empire and Sultanate of Harar

April 2, 1559

The Ethiopian Emperor Gelawdewos was killed, leaving the empire weakened and unable to recover lost territory from the Adal Sultanate.

Quick Facts

Year
1559
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
2 April 1559
Ethiopian Emperor killed
Emperor Gelawdewos
Adal commander
Nur ibn Mujahid
Outcome
Decisive Adal Sultanate victory
Context
Reprisal conflict following Ethiopian–Adal War

Location

Fatagar, Ethiopia

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Battle of Fatagar arose as a reprisal conflict between the Adal Sultanate and the Ethiopian Empire, both of whom had previously fought in the Ethiopian–Adal War. Residual hostilities and territorial disputes drove Nur ibn Mujahid to lead Adal forces against Emperor Gelawdewos and the Ethiopian army.

Event

On 2 April 1559, Adal Sultanate forces under Nur ibn Mujahid engaged the Ethiopian Empire's army commanded by Emperor Gelawdewos at Fatagar, also known as Nech Sar. During the battle, Gelawdewos was killed by Adal forces, resulting in a decisive defeat for the Ethiopian Empire.

Consequence

The death of Gelawdewos produced widespread grief and political instability throughout the Christian Ethiopian lands. According to scholar Mohammed Hassen, the Ethiopian forces never regained their full strength after this defeat and failed to recapture any territory lost to the Adal Sultanate or the advancing pastoral Oromo prior to 1559.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Ethiopian Empire
Key Commanders

Emperor Gelawdewos.

Side B

1 belligerent

Adal Sultanate
Key Commanders

Nur ibn Mujahid.

Outcome
Decisive Adal Sultanate victory; Emperor Gelawdewos killed in battle

Timeline Context

Timeline around 155915591556155715581560156115621559 Sri Lankan battlebattle-of-fatagar-1559