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war1878

Battle of Lincoln, New Mexico in 1878

January 1, 1878

The Battle of Lincoln was the largest armed engagement of the Lincoln County War, ultimately leading to Pat Garrett's campaign that killed Billy the Kid.

Quick Facts

Year
1878
Category
war

Key Facts

Duration
Five days (July 15–19, 1878)
Conflict
Lincoln County War
Territory
New Mexico Territory
Intervening Force
U.S. Cavalry from Fort Stanton
Territorial Governor Appointed
Lew Wallace, September 1878

Location

Map of Lincoln, United StatesMap of Lincoln, United StatesLincoln, United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The battle arose from the ongoing Lincoln County War, a violent conflict between the Murphy-Dolan Faction and the Regulators over commercial and political dominance in Lincoln County, New Mexico Territory. Tensions had escalated through months of killings and retaliations preceding this confrontation.

Event

Between July 15 and 19, 1878, the Murphy-Dolan Faction and the Regulators engaged in a five-day firefight in the town of Lincoln, New Mexico. The engagement, the largest battle of the Lincoln County War, was ultimately interrupted and suppressed by United States Cavalry under Lt. Col. Nathan Dudley of Fort Stanton.

Consequence

Following the battle, many Regulators dispersed or returned to civilian life. Territorial Governor Lew Wallace, appointed in September 1878, tasked Sheriff Pat Garrett with restoring order. Within three years, Garrett and his deputies had killed William 'Billy the Kid' Bonney and other holdouts still operating in the region.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Murphy-Dolan FactionU.S. Cavalry (Fort Stanton)
Key Commanders

Lt. Col. Nathan Dudley.

Side B

1 belligerent

Regulators
Outcome
Battle suppressed by U.S. Cavalry; Regulators dispersed; lawlessness eventually reduced under Sheriff Pat Garrett

Timeline Context

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