HistoryData
war1642

1642 skirmish in Somerset prior to the English Civil War

August 4, 1642

An early Civil War skirmish in which a small Royalist force routed a much larger Parliamentarian body before ultimately withdrawing from Somerset.

Quick Facts

Year
1642
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
4 August 1642
Royalist patrol size
60–80 cavalry and dragoons
Parliamentarian force size
500–600 recruits
Parliamentarian killed
~27
Prisoners taken
60
Parliamentarian commander
Sir John Pyne

By the Numbers

4
Date
60
Royalist patrol size
500
Parliamentarian force size
27
Parliamentarian killed

Location

Map of Street, EnglandMap of Street, EnglandStreet, England

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In August 1642, before the formal start of the First English Civil War, both Royalists and Parliamentarians were competing to recruit men in Somerset. The Royalists, headquartered in Wells but outnumbered, sent out a mounted patrol of 60 to 80 cavalry and dragoons to monitor Parliamentarian movements in the area.

Event

The Royalist patrol set an ambush at Marshall's Elm, where the road rose from the Somerset Levels into the Polden Hills. After a parley failed, the hidden dragoons opened fire on 500 to 600 Parliamentarian recruits led by Sir John Pyne. Royalist cavalry then charged, routing the Parliamentarians and killing around 27 while taking 60 prisoners.

Consequence

Despite the tactical success, the Royalists could not exploit their victory owing to their numerically inferior position in the county. They were compelled to withdraw first from Wells and then from Somerset entirely, leaving the region effectively under Parliamentarian control in the early stages of the conflict.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Royalists
Peak Mobilized Forces70
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized

Side B

1 belligerent

Parliamentarians
Peak Mobilized Forces550
Estimated Casualties87
Casualty Rate15.8%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Sir John Pyne.

Total Casualties (all sides)
87
Outcome
Royalist victory; Parliamentarians routed with ~27 killed and 60 captured, but Royalists subsequently withdrew from Somerset

Timeline Context

Timeline around 16421642163916401641164316441645First English Civil War, 1642Local revolt in 17th-century England1642 English Protestants surrendered to Confederate Catholics1642 Danish hijacking of a Bengali ship1642 battle of the Franco-Spanish War of 1635–16591642 Skirmish during the Eleven Years' War1642 first major action of the English Civil War1642 a skirmish of First English Civil Warbattle-of-marshalls-elm-1642