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war1238

1238 battle between Icelandic clans

August 28, 1238

The Battle of Örlygsstaðir was a decisive engagement of the Icelandic civil war known as the Age of the Sturlungs, ending in the defeat of the Sturlungar clan.

Quick Facts

Year
1238
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
21 August 1238
Sturlungar estimated force
~1000 men
Ásbirningar & Haukdælir force
~1700 men
Total killed in battle
~60 men
Executed after battle
5 men, including Þórir Jökull Steinfinnsson
Memorial erected
1988, on the battle site

By the Numbers

21
Date
1,000
Sturlungar estimated force
1,700
Ásbirningar & Haukdælir force
60
Total killed in battle

Location

Iceland

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Age of the Sturlungs, rival Icelandic clans competed for dominance in a prolonged civil war. The Sturlungar family, led by Sighvatur Sturluson and his son Sturla Sighvatsson, had built significant power, provoking a coalition response from the Ásbirningar clan under Kolbeinn ungi and the Haukdælir clan under Gissur Þorvaldsson, who together assembled a substantially larger armed force.

Event

On 21 August 1238 at Örlygsstaðir in northern Iceland, the outnumbered Sturlungar force of roughly 1000 men clashed with the approximately 1700-strong coalition of Kolbeinn ungi and Gissur Þorvaldsson. The battle was short but decisive; around 60 men were killed, among them Sighvatur and Sturla Sighvatsson. Five additional men were beheaded after the battle. Gissur's side reportedly suffered only seven dead, while Kolbeinn's lost none.

Consequence

The defeat and death of Sighvatur and Sturla Sighvatsson effectively broke the power of the Sturlungar faction. Gissur Þorvaldsson subsequently rose to become Earl of Iceland, and the weakening of the Icelandic clans through civil conflict contributed to Iceland's eventual submission to Norwegian royal authority. The battle and its casualties were recorded in the Íslendinga saga within the Sturlunga saga.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Sturlungar
Peak Mobilized Forces~1K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Sighvatur Sturluson, Sturla Sighvatsson.

Side B

1 belligerent

Ásbirningar and Haukdælir
Peak Mobilized Forces~2K
Estimated Casualties7
Casualty Rate0.4%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Kolbeinn ungi, Gissur Þorvaldsson.

Total Casualties (all sides)
65
Outcome
Victory for the Ásbirningar and Haukdælir coalition; Sturlungar leaders Sighvatur and Sturla Sighvatsson killed

Timeline Context

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