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war1789

Battle in 1789, part of the Russo-Swedish War

June 13, 1789

A Swedish force of 750 halted a Russian advance of 5,000 at a narrow crossing, shaping the Russo-Swedish War's Finnish campaign.

Quick Facts

Year
1789
Category
war

Key Facts

Swedish force size
~750 men
Russian force size
~5,000 men
Russian casualties
425 killed and wounded
Swedish casualties
203 killed and wounded
Date
13 June 1789
Notable figure promoted
Major Georg Carl von Döbeln

By the Numbers

750
Swedish force size
5,000
Russian force size
425
Russian casualties
203
Swedish casualties

Location

Map of Porrassalmi, FinlandMap of Porrassalmi, FinlandPorrassalmi, Finland

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Russo-Swedish War of 1788–90, a Russian corps under General Georg Magnus Sprengtporten — a Swedish officer who had defected to Russian service — advanced northward through Savonia toward Mikkeli. Sprengtporten believed Finnish troops would not fight for the Swedish Crown, encouraging a confident Russian push along a road controlled by a narrow water crossing at Porrassalmi.

Event

On 13 June 1789, approximately 750 Swedish defenders blocked the bridge at Porrassalmi against roughly 5,000 Russian infantrymen. Despite repeated Russian charges in overly dense formations, the defenders held the narrow crossing. The Russian commander Sprengtporten was seriously wounded, and his forces ultimately withdrew, covered by Cossack and Bashkir cavalry.

Consequence

The Russian advance toward Mikkeli was stopped, demonstrating that Finnish troops would resist despite Sprengtporten's predictions. The battle elevated Major Georg Carl von Döbeln to prominence, and Sprengtporten attributed his defeat to poor officer coordination. Russian staff officer Ivan Sazonov acknowledged the defenders' valor while crediting their advantageous position for the outcome.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Sweden
Peak Mobilized Forces750
Estimated Casualties203
Casualty Rate27.1%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Georg Carl von Döbeln.

Side B

1 belligerent

Russia
Peak Mobilized Forces~5K
Estimated Casualties425
Casualty Rate8.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Georg Magnus Sprengtporten, Ivan Ivanovich Michelson.

Total Casualties (all sides)
628
Outcome
Swedish victory; Russian advance on Mikkeli halted

Timeline Context

Timeline around 178917891786178717881790179117921789 treaty between United States and Native AmericansReception at Trenton, New Jersey for president-elect George Washington on April 21, 1789Revolution in France from 1789 to 17991789 naval battle between the regency of Algiers and PortugalPivotal event in the early days of the French RevolutionBattle of the Russian War1789 part of the French RevolutionBattle in 1789, between Sweden and the Russian Empirebattle-of-porrassalmi-1789