HistoryData
war1538

1538 naval battle of the Third Ottoman–Venetian War

October 8, 1538

Ottoman victory at Preveza established the empire as the dominant naval power in the Mediterranean for roughly thirty years.

Quick Facts

Year
1538
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
28 September 1538
Location
Near Preveza, Ionian Sea, northwest Greece
Ottoman commander
Hayreddin Barbarossa (Kapudan Pasha)
Holy League commander
Andrea Doria (Genoese admiral)
Ottoman naval dominance duration
~30 years, until Battle of Lepanto 1571
Scale
One of the three largest Mediterranean battles of the 16th century

By the Numbers

28
Date
30
Ottoman naval dominance duration
16
Scale

Location

Map of Preveza, GreeceMap of Preveza, GreecePreveza, Greece

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Ottoman–Habsburg wars and the Ottoman–Venetian War of 1537–1547 created mounting tensions in the Mediterranean. A Holy League of Venetian and Hispano-Imperial forces assembled to challenge Ottoman naval expansion, though internal rivalries between the Genoese and Venetians severely undermined the coalition's cohesion before battle was joined.

Event

On 28 September 1538, an Ottoman fleet under Kapudan Pasha Hayreddin Barbarossa engaged the Holy League fleet under Genoese admiral Andrea Doria near Preveza in the Ionian Sea. Despite the Holy League's substantial numerical and tonnage advantage, the Ottomans prevailed. The exact course of battle remains disputed, with sources blaming either Doria's inaction or Venetian insubordination for the defeat.

Consequence

The Holy League's defeat ruptured cooperation between the Christian naval powers. The victory marked the beginning of Ottoman dominance as the foremost naval power in the Mediterranean, a position the empire held for approximately thirty years until its defeat at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Ottoman Empire
Key Commanders

Hayreddin Barbarossa.

Side B

1 belligerent

Holy League (Venice, Habsburg Spain, Holy Roman Empire)
Key Commanders

Andrea Doria.

Outcome
Ottoman victory; Holy League defeated despite numerical and tonnage superiority

Timeline Context

Timeline around 153815381535153615371539154015411538 battle that took place during the Spanish conquest of Peru1538 battle during the Spanish conquest of the Muisca16th century military conflict in Asiabattle-of-preveza-1538