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war1685

1685 final battle of the Monmouth Rebellion

July 16, 1685

The Battle of Sedgemoor ended the Monmouth Rebellion and was the last pitched battle fought on English soil.

Quick Facts

Year
1685
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
6 July 1685
Location
Westonzoyland, near Bridgwater, Somerset
Prisoners taken
approximately 500
Monmouth's fate
Captured and executed nine days after the battle
Post-battle trials
Bloody Assizes; many executed or transported abroad

Location

Map of Westonzoyland, EnglandMap of Westonzoyland, EnglandWestonzoyland, England

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Duke of Monmouth, an illegitimate son of Charles II, launched a rebellion against King James II in 1685, seeking to claim the English throne. After landing in Dorset, he gathered rebel forces and fought a series of skirmishes across south-west England, ultimately deciding to risk a decisive night attack on the royal army camped near Bridgwater in Somerset.

Event

On 6 July 1685, rebel forces under the Duke of Monmouth attempted a surprise night assault on James II's army at Westonzoyland near Bridgwater. The attack failed, and the well-organised royal forces routed the rebels in close combat. Approximately 500 rebels were taken prisoner, while the Duke of Monmouth fled the battlefield.

Consequence

Monmouth was captured shortly after fleeing and taken to London, where he was executed nine days after the battle. His supporters faced the Bloody Assizes, presided over by Judge Jeffreys, during which many were hanged, drawn, and quartered, while others were transported abroad. The rebellion's swift suppression consolidated James II's hold on the throne.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Forces loyal to King James II
Key Commanders

King James II (overall).

Side B

1 belligerent

Rebel forces of the Duke of Monmouth
Key Commanders

Duke of Monmouth.

Outcome
Decisive royalist victory; Monmouth Rebellion crushed

Timeline Context

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