HistoryData
war1863

1863 naval engagement

July 16, 1863

The USS Wyoming's solo engagement at Shimonoseki in 1863 was the first direct US naval action against Japanese forces and a prelude to the larger multinational Shimonoseki campaign.

Quick Facts

Year
1863
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
July 16, 1863
Duration of engagement
Almost two hours
Enemy vessels sunk
2
Japanese casualties
~40
USS Wyoming dead
4
USS Wyoming wounded
7

By the Numbers

161,863
Date
2
Enemy vessels sunk
40
Japanese casualties
4
USS Wyoming dead

Location

Map of Shimonoseki, JapanMap of Shimonoseki, JapanShimonoseki, Japan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the turbulent Late Tokugawa shogunate period (1854–1868), the powerful Chōshū clan daimyō Mōri Takachika based at Shimonoseki opposed the opening of Japan to Western powers and posed a naval threat to foreign vessels in the Shimonoseki Strait.

Event

On July 16, 1863, USS Wyoming under Captain David McDougal sailed alone into the Shimonoseki Strait and engaged the Chōshū clan's US-built but poorly manned fleet for nearly two hours. McDougal sank two enemy vessels, severely damaged a third, and inflicted roughly forty Japanese casualties, while Wyoming suffered four killed and seven wounded.

Consequence

The battle served as a prelude to the larger 1863 and 1864 Shimonoseki campaigns conducted by allied foreign powers, which ultimately forced the Chōshū clan to cease hostilities and contributed to broader pressure on the Tokugawa shogunate to open Japan to foreign trade and diplomacy.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States Navy (USS Wyoming)
Estimated Casualties11
Key Commanders

Captain David McDougal.

Side B

1 belligerent

Chōshū clan (Mōri Takachika)
Estimated Casualties40
Key Commanders

Mōri Takachika.

Total Casualties (all sides)
51
Outcome
US victory: two Chōshū vessels sunk, one severely damaged; USS Wyoming withdrew after nearly two hours under considerable damage

Timeline Context

Timeline around 186318631860186118621864186518661863 war between Colombia and Ecuador1863 American Civil War battle in the Gettysburg Campaign1863 Bloodless battle during the American Civil War1863 military operation during the American Civil WarBattle which took place near Fredericksburg, Virginia on June 5, 18631863 cavalry operation in the American Civil WarSeries of battles in 1863January 8, 1863, battle in the American Civil War fought in Springfield, Missouribattle-of-shimonoseki-straits-1863