HistoryData
politics2012

Multilateral treaty on copyright for audiovisual performances

June 26, 2012

The Beijing Treaty extended international copyright protections to audiovisual performers, entering into force in 2020 after 30 ratifications.

Quick Facts

Year
2012
Category
politics

Key Facts

Adoption date
26 June 2012
Participating WIPO member states
156 states
Initial signatories (26 June 2012)
48 countries
Entry into force
28 April 2020
Ratifications required for entry into force
30 ratifications
Contracting parties (as of Sept 2025)
48 parties

By the Numbers

26
Adoption date
156states
Participating WIPO member states
48countries
Initial signatories (26 June 2012)
28
Entry into force

Location

Map of Beijing, ChinaMap of Beijing, ChinaBeijing, China

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Prior to the treaty, audiovisual performers lacked robust international copyright protections equivalent to those afforded to other rights holders. WIPO member states sought to address this gap and harmonize performers' rights across jurisdictions, prompted by the growing global trade in audiovisual content and technological changes affecting distribution.

Event

On 26 June 2012, WIPO's Diplomatic Conference on the Protection of Audiovisual Performances, attended by 156 member states and several intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, adopted the Beijing Treaty. The treaty established minimum standards for the economic and moral rights of performers in audiovisual works.

Consequence

The treaty entered into force on 28 April 2020 after receiving its 30th ratification. While welcomed by artists' rights advocates, it drew criticism from digital rights groups such as the Electronic Frontier Foundation, who argued it could infringe on free speech and enable censorship. As of September 2025, 48 states are contracting parties.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Treaty adopted and entered into force on 28 April 2020, establishing international copyright protections for audiovisual performers.

Before

Audiovisual performers had limited international copyright protections

After

Expanded performers' rights codified under binding international treaty

Signatories

156 WIPO member states (participating)
Participant
48 countries (signed 26 June 2012)
Original signatory

Timeline Context

Timeline around 201220122009201020112013201420152012 Summer Olympics — Games of the XXX Olympiad, in London, United KingdomUEFA Euro 2012 — 14th European association football championship2012 Summer Paralympics — 2012 edition of the Summer ParalympicsJanuary 2012 — month of 20122012 Formula One World Championship — 63rd season of Formula One motor racingAthletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics — athletics events at the OlympicsFootball at the 2012 Summer Olympics — 2012 edition of the association football torunaments during the Olympic Summer Games2012 Africa Cup of Nations — football tournamentbeijing-treaty-on-audiovisual-performances-2012