HistoryData
disaster1985

Heysel Stadium disaster — spectator riot in Brussels, Belgium on 29 May 1985

May 29, 1985

A crowd crush at the 1985 European Cup final killed 39 people and led to a five-year ban on all English clubs from European competition.

Quick Facts

Year
1985
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Deaths
39 people
Injured
600 people
English clubs banned (years)
Indefinite (lifted 1990–91)
Liverpool additional ban
3 years (reduced to 1)
Liverpool fans convicted
14 found guilty of manslaughter
Match result
Juventus 1–0 Liverpool

By the Numbers

39people
Deaths
600people
Injured
1,990
English clubs banned (years)
3
Liverpool additional ban

Location

Map of Brussels, BelgiumMap of Brussels, BelgiumBrussels, Belgium

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Approximately one hour before the 1985 European Cup final at Brussels' Heysel Stadium, Liverpool supporters began throwing objects at and then physically attacking fans in the adjacent neutral section, tearing down the separating chicken-wire fence. The stadium was already in a state of disrepair, having failed pre-event safety inspections, and was ill-equipped to manage a crowd incident of any scale.

Event

As Juventus fans fled the Liverpool supporters, they were pressed against a deteriorating concrete wall at the edge of the neutral zone. Belgian police blocked access to the pitch and the exits, leaving the crowd with nowhere to go. The wall eventually collapsed under the crush, killing 39 people—mostly Italian Juventus supporters—and injuring around 600 others. Authorities nonetheless decided to play the match to prevent further disorder, with Juventus winning 1–0.

Consequence

UEFA placed all English clubs under an indefinite ban from European competition, lifted in 1990–91, with Liverpool serving an additional year beyond the general ban. Fourteen Liverpool supporters were convicted of involuntary manslaughter and sentenced to six years in prison. Belgian security officials, including police captain Johan Mahieu, were also found guilty. The disaster prompted widespread reforms in European stadium safety and crowd management standards.

Human Cost

Death toll visualizationEach dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths.

Each dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths. Total estimated: 39 (other)

other
BrusselsBelgium

Timeline Context

Timeline around 198519851982198319841986198719881985 FIFA World Youth Championship — Sports season1985 CONCACAF Championship — 1985 edition of the CONCACAF Championship association football competitionWorld Chess Championship 1985 — competition for the world title in chessEurovision Song Contest 1985 — 30th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1985 Formula One World Championship — sports seasonNakba — expulsion and flight of 750,000 Palestinians during the 1948 Palestine war1985 IAAF World Indoor Games — 1985 edition of the IAAF World Indoor GamesEuroBasket 1985 — edition of the basketball tournament of 1985heysel-stadium-disaster-spectator-riot-in-brussels-belgiu-1985