HistoryData
war1961

Armed conflict in Myanmar

February 5, 1961

A long-running armed conflict between Kachin insurgents and Myanmar's military, interrupted by a 17-year ceasefire but resuming in 2011 with mass civilian displacement.

Quick Facts

Year
1961
Category
war

Key Facts

Conflict start date
1961-02-05
Ceasefire period
1994 to 2011
Ceasefire duration
17 years
Displaced civilians (post-2011)
Over 100,000
Civilian deaths (post-2011)
Thousands

By the Numbers

1,961
Conflict start date
1,994
Ceasefire period
17
Ceasefire duration
100,000
Displaced civilians (post-2011)

Location

Map of MyanmarMap of MyanmarMyanmar

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Deep ethnic and political tensions between the Kachin people and the central Burmese state gave rise to an armed insurgency in 1961. The Kachin Independence Organization and its military wing sought greater autonomy or independence from the Myanmar government, leading to sustained armed resistance against the Tatmadaw.

Event

Kachin insurgents have fought the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) since February 1961 in a conflict that forms part of Myanmar's broader internal conflict. A major ceasefire was brokered in 1994 and held for 17 years, but hostilities resumed in 2011, reigniting open armed confrontation across Kachin State.

Consequence

Since fighting resumed in 2011, thousands of civilians have been killed and over 100,000 displaced. Both sides have been accused of serious human rights abuses, including use of landmines, recruitment of child soldiers, and systematic rape and torture, drawing international condemnation.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces)

Side B

1 belligerent

Kachin Independence Organization / Kachin Independence Army
Outcome
Ongoing conflict; ceasefire 1994–2011, hostilities resumed in 2011

Timeline Context

Timeline around 196119611958195919601962196319641961 Formula One season — sports season1961 Cannes Film Festival — film festival editionCombined oral contraceptive pill — birth control method that includes a combination of an estrogen (estradiol) and a progestogen (progestin)EuroBasket 1961 — Basketball tournament1961 event in Athens, Georgia1961 school shooting in Kungälv, SwedenEurovision Song Contest 1961 — 6th edition of the Eurovision Song ContestInternational treaty on recreational drugskachin-conflict-1961