HistoryData
war1967

Operation Focus — airstrike by Israel at the start of the Six-Day War in 1967

June 5, 1967

Operation Focus destroyed roughly 450 Arab aircraft on the first day of the Six-Day War, granting Israel immediate air superiority and shaping the war's outcome.

Quick Facts

Year
1967
Category
war

Key Facts

Date and time
5 June 1967, 07:45 local time
Aircraft destroyed
~450 Egyptian, Jordanian, and Syrian aircraft
Egyptian airfields disabled
18 airfields put out of action
Time to air superiority
By noon on 5 June 1967
IAF commander
Maj. Gen. Mordechai Hod

By the Numbers

5
Date and time
450
Aircraft destroyed
18
Egyptian airfields disabled
5
Time to air superiority

Location

Map of EgyptMap of EgyptEgypt

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Tensions between Israel and its Arab neighbors, particularly Egypt's military buildup in the Sinai and blockade of the Strait of Tiran, created an imminent threat of war. Israel determined that a pre-emptive strike was necessary to neutralize Arab air power before a coordinated attack could be launched against Israeli territory.

Event

At 07:45 on 5 June 1967, the Israeli Air Force launched Operation Focus, a coordinated mass airstrike targeting Egyptian air bases. Following retaliatory attacks by Syria and Jordan, the IAF extended strikes to their air bases as well. By midday, approximately 450 Arab aircraft had been destroyed, predominantly on the ground, and 18 Egyptian airfields had been disabled.

Consequence

The destruction of Arab air forces within hours gave Israel unchallenged air superiority for the remainder of the Six-Day War. This allowed Israeli ground forces to advance rapidly across the Sinai, West Bank, and Golan Heights. Operation Focus is widely regarded as one of the most effective pre-emptive air campaigns in military history.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Israel
Key Commanders

Mordechai Hod.

Side B

3 belligerents

EgyptJordanSyria
Outcome
Israeli air superiority achieved; ~450 Arab aircraft destroyed, 18 Egyptian airfields disabled within hours

Timeline Context

Timeline around 196719671964196519661968196919701967 Cannes Film Festival — film festival edition1967 CONCACAF Championship — 1967 edition of the CONCACAF Championship association football competitionEuroBasket 1967 — 1967 edition of the Eurobasket1967 FIBA World Championship — 1967 edition of the FIBA World Championship1967–68 European Cup — 13th season of the UEFA club football tournamentSummer of Love — mid 1967 social and political phenomenon in San Francisco, California, USA1967 Formula One season — sports season1967 South American Championship — football tournamentoperation-focus-airstrike-by-israel-at-the-start-of-the-si-1967