HistoryData
politics2018

2018 settlement of the Macedonia naming dispute

June 17, 2018

Ended a decades-long dispute over Macedonia's name, enabling the country's NATO accession path and formalizing its constitutional rename to North Macedonia.

Quick Facts

Year
2018
Category
politics

Key Facts

Agreement signed
17 June 2018
Entered into force
12 February 2019
New constitutional name
Republic of North Macedonia
Replaces
Interim Accord of 1995
Named after
Lake Prespa
NATO accession protocol ratified
8 February 2019

By the Numbers

17
Agreement signed
12
Entered into force
1,995
Replaces
8
NATO accession protocol ratified

Location

Map of Greece / North MacedoniaMap of Greece / North MacedoniaGreece / North Macedonia

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

A prolonged dispute between Greece and the Republic of Macedonia over the latter's use of the name 'Macedonia' had persisted since Macedonian independence in the early 1990s. Greece objected that the name implied territorial claims over its own northern region of Macedonia, blocking the country's accession to NATO and the EU under that name.

Event

On 17 June 2018, under UN auspices, Greece and the Republic of Macedonia signed the Prespa Agreement beside Lake Prespa. The accord resolved the naming dispute by requiring Macedonia to constitutionally rename itself the Republic of North Macedonia erga omnes, while both countries committed to a framework of strategic cooperation.

Consequence

Both parliaments ratified the agreement, and it entered into force on 12 February 2019. The renamed North Macedonia was able to proceed with NATO integration, with the accession protocol ratified on 8 February 2019, removing a key obstacle to the country's Euro-Atlantic membership aspirations.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Republic of Macedonia constitutionally renamed to Republic of North Macedonia erga omnes; long-standing bilateral naming dispute resolved; NATO accession path cleared.

Before

Republic of Macedonia blocked from NATO/EU membership due to Greek objections over the name

After

Republic of North Macedonia cleared for NATO accession following ratification of the agreement

Signatories

Greece
Party to the agreement
Republic of Macedonia
Party to the agreement
United Nations
Auspices / facilitator

Timeline Context

Timeline around 201820182015201620172019202020212018 FIFA World Cup — 21st FIFA World Cup, held in Russia2018 Winter Olympics — 23rd edition of Winter Olympics, in Pyeongchang, South Korea2018 Asian Games — 18th edition of the Asian Games2018–19 UEFA Nations League — 2018–2019 edition of the UEFA Nations League2018 Formula One World Championship — 69th season of Formula One motor racingJanuary 2018 — month of 20182018–19 UEFA Europa League — 48th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA2018 Summer Youth Olympics — 2018 edition of the Summer Youth Olympicsprespa-agreement-2018