Second Taiwan Strait Crisis — 1958 conflict between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) in which the PRC shelled Kinmen and Matsu

13th Chess Olympiad — FIDE chess tournament for national teams

1958 European Athletics Championships — 1958 edition of the European Athletics Championships

1958 Cannes Film Festival — film festival edition

1958–60 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup — international football competition

1958 Formula One season — sports season

1958 World Men's Handball Championship — 1958 edition of the World Men's Handball Championship

1958 Asian Games — third edition of the Asian Games

Great Leap Forward — 1958–1962 Chinese socioeconomic campaign

1958–59 European Cup — 4th season of the UEFA club football tournament

Nuclear weapons security pact