HistoryData
war1790

1790 battle in the Russo–Turkish War

December 22, 1790

The Russian capture of the supposedly impregnable Izmail fortress in 1790 marked a decisive blow in the Russo-Turkish War and cemented Suvorov's reputation as a military commander.

Quick Facts

Year
1790
Category
war

Key Facts

War
Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
Date of storming
22 December 1790
Russian commander
Alexander Suvorov
Naval commander
José de Ribas (Black Sea rowing flotilla)
Ottoman garrison commander
Aydoslu Mehmed Pasha
Fortress description
Considered impregnable, called 'a fortress without weak points'

Location

Map of Izmail, UkraineMap of Izmail, UkraineIzmail, Ukraine

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Izmail fortress on the Danube was a key Ottoman stronghold during the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792). Previous Russian attempts by commanders Gudovich, Samoylov, Potemkin, and Deribas in November 1790, and an earlier effort by Repnin in 1789, had all failed to take the heavily fortified position, which was garrisoned by experienced Ottoman forces under Aydoslu Mehmed Pasha.

Event

In December 1790, Alexander Suvorov took command of Russian forces besieging Izmail. He personally trained his troops and reconnoitered the fortress before launching a coordinated assault on 22 December 1790. The Black Sea rowing flotilla, commanded by Spanish admiral José de Ribas in Russian service, supported the attack. After intense fighting, Russian forces stormed and captured the fortress.

Consequence

The fall of Izmail delivered a significant strategic blow to the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War and enhanced Russian dominance in the region around the Danube delta and the Black Sea. The victory became one of the most celebrated episodes of 18th-century Russian military history, elevating Suvorov to legendary status among military commanders of the era.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Russian Empire
Key Commanders

Alexander Suvorov, José de Ribas (Iosif Deribas), Ivan Gudovich, Alexander Samoylov.

Side B

1 belligerent

Ottoman Empire
Key Commanders

Aydoslu Mehmed Pasha.

Outcome
Russian victory; Izmail fortress captured on 22 December 1790

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17901790178717881789179117921793Battle Russia-Swedish War 1788-1790 yearsAlliance between the Commonwealth of Poland and Prussia (Warsaw, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; 1790)1790 between the Greek privateer Lambros Katsonis and the Ottoman Empire1790 battle in the Austria NetherlandsBattle of the Third Anglo-Mysore Warsiege-of-izmail-1790