HistoryData
disaster1912

Sinking of the RMS Titanic — maritime disaster in the North Atlantic Ocean on the night of 14–15 April 1912

April 1, 1912

The sinking of RMS Titanic killed up to 1,635 people and directly led to the establishment of SOLAS in 1914, which governs maritime safety to this day.

Quick Facts

Year
1912
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Date of sinking
15 April 1912
Death toll
Up to 1,635 people
Survivors rescued
710
Lifeboats aboard
20 (including 4 collapsible)
Speed at collision
~22 knots
Ice warnings received
7 before the collision

By the Numbers

15
Date of sinking
1,635
Death toll
710
Survivors rescued
20
Lifeboats aboard

Location

Map of North Atlantic OceanMap of North Atlantic OceanNorth Atlantic Ocean

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Despite receiving seven ice warnings, Titanic was travelling at approximately 22 knots on the night of 14 April 1912. Her lookouts spotted the iceberg too late to manoeuvre clear, and the ship struck it at 23:40, buckling steel plates along her starboard side and flooding six of her sixteen watertight compartments — two more than her design could tolerate.

Event

Titanic, the largest ocean liner in service and four days into her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City, sank in the North Atlantic at 02:20 on 15 April 1912, two hours and forty minutes after striking the iceberg. With only twenty lifeboats — insufficient to hold everyone on board — and many launched underfilled, over a thousand passengers and crew went down with the ship. Almost all who entered the freezing water died within minutes from cold shock and hypothermia.

Consequence

RMS Carpathia rescued 710 survivors by 09:15 on 15 April. The disaster provoked global outrage over inadequate lifeboat provision, disregarded ice warnings, and the failure of SS Californian to respond to distress signals. Subsequent maritime inquiries drove sweeping regulatory reforms, culminating in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) in 1914, the framework that still underpins maritime safety worldwide.

Timeline Context

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