The war ended with Norway entering a union with Sweden while retaining its own constitution, beginning Sweden's long era of military neutrality.
Key Facts
- Year
- 1814
- Season
- Summer 1814
- Trigger treaty
- Treaty of Kiel
- Outcome union
- United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
- Last Swedish armed conflict
- Sweden's last war until 2011
By the Numbers
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
The Treaty of Kiel stipulated that Norway would be ceded to Sweden under Charles XIII. Norway resisted this arrangement and declared independence, establishing its own constitution, which Sweden refused to accept, leading to armed conflict in the summer of 1814.
Swedish forces invaded Norway in the summer of 1814 to compel compliance with the Treaty of Kiel. The military campaign was relatively brief, and Norwegian forces were unable to resist the Swedish army effectively, resulting in a negotiated settlement rather than a prolonged war.
Norway was incorporated into the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway but was permitted to retain its own constitution and parliament. The conflict marked the last time Sweden engaged in armed hostilities with another nation, initiating a long period of Swedish military neutrality that endured well into the twentieth century.
Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis
Side A
1 belligerent
Charles XIII of Sweden.
Side B
1 belligerent