The Treaty of Ghilajharighat ended Mir Jumla's invasion of Assam but ultimately spurred Ahom resistance that permanently expelled the Mughals from the Brahmaputra valley.
Key Facts
- Date signed
- 23 January 1663
- Mughal commander
- Mir Jumla II
- Conflict ended
- Mir Jumla's invasion of Assam 1662–1663
- Battle following treaty
- Battle of Saraighat, 1671
- Ahom status imposed
- Tributary to the Mughal Empire
By the Numbers
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
Mir Jumla II led a major Mughal military campaign into Assam in 1662, pushing deep into Ahom territory. The Ahom kingdom, under sustained military pressure and unable to repel the invasion outright, was compelled to negotiate an end to hostilities on terms largely dictated by the Mughal forces.
On 23 January 1663, representatives of the Ahom kingdom and the Mughal forces under Mir Jumla II signed the Treaty of Ghilajharighat at Tipam. The agreement brought the 1662–1663 invasion to a close, requiring Mughal withdrawal from Ahom lands in exchange for conditions that included tribute obligations imposed on the Ahoms.
The treaty terms were only partially fulfilled. The Ahoms, humiliated by the tributary status the agreement sought to impose, subsequently mounted successful military campaigns. Their victories at the Battle of Saraighat in 1671 and the Battle of Itakhuli in 1682 permanently ended Mughal influence in the Brahmaputra valley.
Political Outcome
Mughal forces withdrew from Ahom territory; Ahoms were placed under tributary status, though terms were only partially fulfilled and Mughal influence was later entirely expelled.
Mughal forces occupying Ahom territory following 1662–1663 invasion
Mughal withdrawal with nominal tributary concession from Ahoms, later reversed by Ahom military victories