HistoryData
politics1826

Riot in 19th century Upper Canada

June 8, 1826

The Types Riot galvanized Reform opposition to the Family Compact and helped launch Mackenzie's political career in Upper Canada.

Quick Facts

Year
1826
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date
June 8, 1826
Number of rioters
9 to 15
Alleged organizer
Samuel Jarvis, government official
Civil damages awarded
£625 pounds sterling
Newspaper targeted
Colonial Advocate

By the Numbers

81,826
Date
9
Number of rioters
625pounds sterling
Civil damages awarded

Location

Map of York (Toronto), Upper CanadaMap of York (Toronto), Upper CanadaYork (Toronto), Upper Canada

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

William Lyon Mackenzie published editorials in his Colonial Advocate newspaper accusing the Family Compact — Upper Canada's self-appointed ruling elite — of incompetence and corrupt profiteering. This offended members of the governing clique, prompting plans, allegedly organized by government official Samuel Jarvis, to destroy Mackenzie's press.

Event

On the evening of June 8, 1826, nine to fifteen rioters forced their way into the Colonial Advocate's offices in York, destroying the printing press and movable type. Mackenzie's employees sought help from passersby, but bystanders refused to intervene upon seeing government officials William Allan and Stephen Heward watching. The rioters then threw cases of type into the nearby bay.

Consequence

Mackenzie successfully sued the rioters, with a jury awarding him £625 in damages. The trial drew widespread media condemnation of the officials who failed to stop the riot. Reformers elevated Mackenzie as a martyr, and he won election to the Parliament of Upper Canada. Historians regard the event as a marker of declining Tory authority in Upper Canada.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Mackenzie won a civil damages award of £625, gained popular support as a Reform martyr, and was elected to the Parliament of Upper Canada; the riot signaled weakening Tory influence.

Before

Family Compact held dominant control over Upper Canada's government and public life

After

Reform movement gained momentum and popular legitimacy, with Tory influence in decline

Timeline Context

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