HistoryData
war1836

War in South America between 1836 and 1839

January 1, 1836

The War of the Confederation dissolved the Peru–Bolivian Confederation and shaped national identities in Chile, Peru, and Bolivia.

Quick Facts

Year
1836
Category
war

Key Facts

Duration
1836 to 1839
Decisive battle
Battle of Yungay (1839)
Confederation dissolved
Peru–Bolivian Confederation
Winning commander
General Manuel Bulnes (Chile)
Deserting force (Col. Guilarte)
700 soldiers abandoned position

By the Numbers

1,836
Duration
1,839
Decisive battle
700
Deserting force (Col. Guilarte)

Location

Map of PeruMap of PeruPeru

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

General Andrés de Santa Cruz created the Peru–Bolivian Confederation following the Salaverry-Santa Cruz War, alarming Chile and the Argentine Confederation, both of which viewed the new and powerful political entity as a threat to their geopolitical interests in southern South America.

Event

Chile, allied with Peruvian dissidents, and the Argentine Confederation separately waged war against the Peru–Bolivian Confederation between 1836 and 1839. Chilean-Peruvian forces under General Manuel Bulnes achieved a decisive victory at the Battle of Yungay in 1839, while internal betrayals and desertions weakened Santa Cruz's forces.

Consequence

The battle of Yungay caused the dissolution of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation and the exile of Santa Cruz, leading to the restoration of Peru and Bolivia as separate states. Historians credit the conflict with reinforcing distinct senses of Peruvian and Chilean national identity.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

3 belligerents

ChileRestoration Army of PeruArgentine Confederation
Key Commanders

Manuel Bulnes.

Side B

1 belligerent

Peru–Bolivian Confederation
Key Commanders

Andrés de Santa Cruz, Luis José de Orbegoso.

Outcome
Decisive victory for the United Restoration Army; Peru–Bolivian Confederation dissolved and Santa Cruz exiled.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 183618361833183418351837183818391836 United States presidential election — 13th quadrennial U.S. presidential electionSecond Creek War. Expulsion of Creeks from AlabamaCourtroom disruption in Boston, Massachusetts1836 extended military engagement of the Second Seminole WarViolent incident in OhioMarch 28, 1836, treaty between the United States and representatives of the Ottawa and Chippewa peoples1836 naval engagement of the Texas Revolution1836 decisive battle of the Texas Revolutionwar-of-the-confederation-1836