HistoryData
Historical ConflictOinousses

Battle of the Oinousses Islands

The two-action battle off Oinousses in 1695 forced Venice to abandon Chios, reversing a recent Venetian conquest during the Morean War.

Duration & Scope

1695 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Date
9 and 19 February 1695
First engagement Venetian casualties
142 killed, 300 wounded (sailing ships); 323 killed, 303 wounded (galleys)
Second engagement Venetian deaths
132 killed
Total Venetian casualties (both actions)
Under 2,500
Result
Venetian defeat in first action; draw in second; Chios abandoned

Strategic Narrative Overview

On 9 February 1695, the Venetian fleet under Antonio Zeno engaged the Algerian fleet near the Oinousses Islands off Cape Karaburun. Venice suffered a clear defeat, losing three ships and sustaining heavy casualties across both sailing vessels and galleys. A second engagement on 19 February ended inconclusively, but the loss of three ships and damage to the San Vittorio left Zeno numerically weakened and unable to sustain his position.

01 / The Origins

The battle occurred within the broader Morean War (Sixth Ottoman-Venetian War, 1684–1699), in which Venice sought to exploit Ottoman weakness by seizing Aegean territories. Venice had captured Chios only months before February 1695, but its naval position in the eastern Aegean was challenged by an Algerian fleet operating in Ottoman service under Mezzo Morto Hüseyin, threatening Venetian control of the island and surrounding waters.

03 / The Outcome

Although the second engagement was a tactical draw, the cumulative losses from both actions made the Venetian hold on Chios untenable. Zeno withdrew, surrendering the island that Venice had captured just months earlier. The battles demonstrated the limits of Venetian power projection in the eastern Aegean and contributed to the eventual peace settlement of the Morean War at Karlowitz in 1699.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Algerian fleet (Ottoman service)
Key Commanders

Mezzo Morto Hüseyin.

Side B

1 belligerent

Republic of Venice
Key Commanders

Antonio Zeno.

Outcome
Venetian defeat in first action and draw in second; Venice abandoned Chios following unsustainable losses.

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1695–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1695present1695First Battle of …Allied1695Second Battle of…Inconclusive

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Oinousses, GreeceMap of Oinousses, GreeceOinousses, Greece