HistoryData
Historical ConflictGaza Strip

Operation Might and Sword

Israel's surprise resumption of strikes on Gaza in March 2025 collapsed a 42-day ceasefire and reignited full-scale conflict, killing hundreds of civilians.

Duration & Scope

2025 ongoing

< 1 year

Estimated Total Casualties

591

Key Facts

Operation launch date
18 March 2025
Killed in initial strikes
More than 400 Palestinians
Women and children killed (initial)
263
Total killed by offensive
More than 591, mostly women and children
Ceasefire duration (Phase 1)
42 days (17 Jan – 1 Mar 2025)

Strategic Narrative Overview

On 18 March 2025, Israel launched a surprise missile and artillery offensive across the Gaza Strip, codenamed Operation Might and Sword, conducted in coordination with the United States. Strikes hit Gaza City, Khan Yunis, and Rafah, killing over 591 people, striking residential areas and tent camps. The following day, Israel announced a ground offensive to retake the Netzarim Corridor, which it had vacated in February. Hamas began firing rockets at Tel Aviv on 20 March.

01 / The Origins

A 42-day ceasefire agreed on 17 January 2025 paused the Gaza war, with provisions for hostage releases and a second phase leading to permanent peace. After Phase 1 ended on 1 March, Hamas sought to proceed to Phase 2 as agreed, but Israel and the Trump administration demanded renegotiation of terms. Israel also withheld agreed withdrawals and blocked food, medicine, and water from entering Gaza, setting the stage for renewed hostilities.

03 / The Outcome

The operation remained ongoing as of the source date, with no ceasefire restored. The UN Security Council convened an emergency session. Hamas condemned the strikes as a ceasefire violation and accused Israel of endangering remaining hostages. International criticism intensified, with aid organizations including Amnesty International and Médecins Sans Frontières labelling Israel's blockade and strikes as war crimes. The conflict's resolution remained undetermined.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Israel (IDF)United States (coordination)

Side B

1 belligerent

Hamas
Total Casualties (all sides)
591
Outcome
Ongoing; ceasefire collapsed, full offensive resumed, no resolution reached

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (2025–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.2025present2025Initial missile …2025Ground offensive…2025Hamas rocket fir…

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Gaza City, Palestinian territoriesMap of Gaza City, Palestinian territoriesGaza City, Palestinian territories